![]() Genomic tools could also facilitate selection for complex traits, which are frequently not possible to measure on a large number of animals. ![]() This might help breeders to make more accurate decisions in their selection programs. Now, in the era of genomics, breeders have lots of opportunities to collect more precise information on the biological impact of certain breeding decisions. Therefore, a broad approach is needed that encompasses both production and welfare traits, even though welfare may not be a primary breeding goal of the selection scheme. Breeding and genetics are playing an important role in the improvement of domestic animals. The overall performance of an animal is mainly influenced by the genetic potential that is inherited from its parents and the environment which particularly encompass feeding, health, management and so forth.īreeding for increased productivity over the past few decades has been very successful in terms of improvement of growth, production and reproduction traits however, it has also had negative consequences on behavior and welfare. The purpose of selection is to enhance the frequency of desirable alleles and reduce the frequency of unwanted alleles from the herd which in the long run consequences genetic improvement in livestock. Due to selection, the qualities of animals can be maintained or improved in the next generation. The breeding of animals is based upon the fact that certain qualities are genetic hence valuable qualities are passed on from parents to offspring’s. The breeding of animals is underneath human control, and the breeders decide which individuals shall produce the subsequent generation. The animals retained have certain acceptable traits which make them produce more. The system of selection allows the best animals to act as parents of future generations and culling of undesirable animals from the herd. The purpose of selection is to produce elite breeding stocks which act as parents of future generations. The breeding merit animal is not often determined by a single character, but more often based on many characters simultaneously. Selection is one of the important processes for any improvement in farm animals.
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